Sealants good investment in healthy smile Published Feb. 11, 2010 By Maj. David R. Luke 52nd Dental Squadron SPANGDAHLEM AIR BASE, Germany -- Dentists continue to treat tooth decay with improved methods of prevention. One tool dentists use to prevent tooth decay is dental sealant, a plastic material applied to chewing surfaces of adult teeth, molars and premolars. The sealant forms a protective barrier over teeth, prohibiting a sticky film of bacteria called plaque from accumulating on teeth. The bacteria found in plaque use sugar and starch from food as an energy source. The bacteria convert this into harmful acids that attack teeth and cause cavities. Thorough brushing and flossing help remove food particles and plaque from smooth surfaces of the teeth. Pits and fissures found on molar and premolars, however, are extremely difficult to clean. Toothbrush bristles cannot extend into the depressions and grooves to remove residual food and plaque. The normal flow of saliva, which helps clean other areas of the mouth, cannot adequately clean these areas either. The pits and fissures become especially prone to decay, and cavities regularly form early on these teeth. The most time for a child to receive a sealant is when the first permanent molar erupts. This occurs close to age six. Not only is the child's ability to adequately brush all surfaces of the teeth limited due to inadequate motivation or coordination, but the tooth erupts in a location that impedes adequate brushing. The first molar on top and bottom will erupt before other back teeth and be exposed to sugar and bacteria the longest. The goal is to protect these teeth with a sealant while tooth brushing habits and diet improve throughout life. For more information or questions, call the 52nd Dental Squadron at DSN 452-8193.